Phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) is an endogenous neuropeptide with multiple biological activities and endogenous ligand of GPR173. Phoenixin-14 reduces ROS production by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling axis, thereby exerting antioxidant and mitochondrial protective effects. Phoenixin-14 inhibits FOXO3 phosphorylation by upregulating SIRT3 expression, suppresses apoptosis, and improves myocardial systolic/diastolic function. Phoenixin-14 resists ferroptosis by activating the ATF4/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis, activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation via GPR173.
