Surfen hydrate is a small molecule antagonist of heparan sulfate, binds to heparin, low molecular weight heparins, and to HS and other GAGs.
Surfen hydrate neutralizes the ability of the various heparins to activate antithrombin and inactivate Factor Xa.
Surfen hydrate blocks sulfation and degradation of GAG chains in vitro and alters cellular responses dependent on HS such as growth factor binding and activation, cell attachment, viral infection by HSV, and angiogenesis.
Surfen hydrate also can blocks C5a receptor binding and lethal factor produced by anthrax.
